so和such有什么区别啊

So与such是英语中两个常用词.这两个词的用法很多,且易混淆,初学英语者往往搞不清楚,因而使用是经常出错.文本就它的一些用法作一粗浅讨论.讨论主要以分析实例进行.首先,我们应该弄清so是副词,修饰形容词和副词,在句中充当状语.Such为形容词修饰名词,在句中作定语,请看下面几个句子.① The fish is so long.② Don't drive so fast, it's dangerous.③ Fred is so good a man.④ It was such interesting meeting.⑤ There were such a lot of people.以上句子中,①,②句比较简单,so为副词,分别修饰形容词long和副词fast.③句中的so修饰good,可用形容蠢肢词such改为:Fred is such a good man.这句话和原句的意义不变,但用so要用漏宏so+adj+a/an+n.的结构来表达.用such需用such+a/an+adj+n.的结构来表达.④句中仍可按③的形式表达,但也可写成:The meeting was so interesting.其句意不变.⑤句中的such也可换为so,但更据习惯搭配,应将a lot of 变为many为宜返档册,如其后所修析的名词为不可数名词,还需将a lot of改为much.如:With such a lot of time,they should have finished their homework 用so则为:With so much time, they so have finished their homework. 因此遇到这种情况,我们可将such+a lot of+n.结构变为so+many/much+n.结构再看这样一个句子:The enemy scattered in such a hurry.可改为:The enemy scattered so hurriedly.又如: The plane flies at such a speed.则可写成:The plane flies so fast.这样的句子为such+a/an+n结构,改为so+adv结构其义不变.在so……that—clause中和such……that---clause中,我们也可参照以上的结构来进行转换.下面我再就so和such的其它用法作一讨论.先看so的一个用法:替代.①I enjoyed the music and so did my wife.②If my brother is allowed to go out, so should I be.0③You are young, so am I④ I love sport. So do you.A ⑤She will learn English, and so shall I, and so will her sister.A组五个句子,都表示前面的情况也适合后者的情况,但主语不指同一人.需用下面的结构表达:So+ be/have/do/助动词+主语①Tomorrow will be your birthday. You are right, so it will.②It was cold yesterday. Yes, so it was.③Father, you promised to buy it for me.④I hoped to win and so I shall.B组so所引起的句子,实际上是对前面句意的重复,从语气上更加肯定前句的意思,肯定无疑,信十足.在这种句子中,主语所指相同,那么应用下面结构来表达:So+主语+be/have/do/助动词就A,B两组句子,我们不难看出,在这种结构中,so替代的不外乎三种情况:谓语,谓语的一部分或非谓语动词短语.再看such作代词的一个用法.在英语学习中,我们会碰到如下的句子:① Such were the results.② Such is his fate.③ Such are the facts.好多书中谈及such是作主语.但是,我也注意到要such之后的be是随着其后的形式而变化的.我认为似乎作表语更容易理解些.如下面的句子:④ Such is life.⑤ Such were his words.⑥ Such is her reward.以上三例均出自《牛津现代高级英汉双解辞典》,它指明such在此均作表语使用.另陕西人民出版社出版的《简明英语语法》也有同样的观点:Such is the power of the press; such the state of man.由此看来,such在这种句子中作表语讲要好些,从语法角度也更好解释.随后的两个问题不能称为问题，因为二者不能比较，that的位置不同，所代表的意义是完全不同的so big a bag =such a big bag

标签：so,such,区别